Electrical engineering: principles and applications

Practical Applications of Electrical Engineering Principles vi --

Part 1 Circuits 1 --

1.1 Overview of Electrical Engineering 3 --

1.2 Circuits, Currents, and Voltages 7 --

1.3 Power and Energy 15 --

1.4 Kirchhoff's Current Law 18 --

1.5 Kirchhoff's Voltage Law 21 --

1.6 Introduction to Circuit Elements 24 --

1.7 Introduction to Circuits 33 --

2 Resistive Circuits 43 --

2.1 Resistances in Series and Parallel 44 --

2.2 Network Analysis by Using Series and Parallel Equivalents 48 --

2.3 Voltage-Divider and Current-Divider Circuits 52 --

2.4 Node-Voltage Analysis 57 --

2.5 Mesh-Current Analysis 72 --

2.6 Thevenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits 80 --

2.7 Superposition Principle 93 --

2.8 Wheatstone Bridge 96 --

3 Inductance and Capacitance 109 --

3.1 Capacitance 110 --

3.2 Capacitances in Series and Parallel 119 --

3.3 Physical Characteristics of Capacitors 120 --

3.4 Inductance 124 --

3.5 Inductances in Series and Parallel 130 --

3.6 Practical Inductors 131 --

3.7 Mutual Inductance 133 --

4 Transients 142 --

4.1 First-Order RC Circuits 143 --

4.2 DC Steady State 147 --

4.3 RL Circuits 149 --

4.4 RC and RL Circuits with General Sources 154 --

4.5 Second-Order Circuits 161 --

5 Steady-State Sinusoidal Analysis 181 --

5.1 Sinusoidal Currents and Voltages 182 --

5.2 Phasors 187 --

5.3 Complex Impedances 193 --

5.4 Circuit Analysis with Phasors and Complex Impedances 198 --

5.5 Power in AC Circuits 204 --

5.6 Thevenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits 217 --

5.7 Balanced Three-Phase Circuits 223 --

6 Frequency Response, Bode Plots, and Resonance 244 --

6.1 Fourier Analysis, Filters, and Transfer Functions 245 --

6.2 First-Order Lowpass Filters 254 --

6.3 Decibels, the Cascade Connection, and Logarithmic Frequency Scales 259 --

6.4 Bode Plots 264 --

6.5 First-Order Highpass Filters 267 --

6.6 Series Resonance 271 --

6.7 Parallel Resonance 277 --

6.8 Ideal and Second-Order Filters 280 --

6.9 Digital Signal Processing 286 --

Part 2 Digital Systems 307 --

7 Logic Circuits 308 --

7.1 Basic Logic Circuit Concepts 309 --

7.2 Representation of Numerical Data in Binary Form 312 --

7.3 Combinatorial Logic Circuits 320 --

7.4 Synthesis of Logic Circuits 329 --

7.5 Minimization of Logic Circuits 336 --

7.6 Sequential Logic Circuits 339 --

8 Microcomputers 356 --

8.1 Computer Organization 357 --

8.2 Memory Types 360 --

8.3 Digital Process Control 363 --

8.4 Motorola 68HC11/12 366 --

8.5 Instruction Set and Addressing Modes for the 68HC11 372 --

8.6 Assembly-Language Programming 381 --

9 Computer-Based Instrumentation Systems 390 --

9.1 Measurement Concepts and Sensors 391 --

9.2 Signal Conditioning 396 --

9.3 Analog-to-Digital Conversion 402 --

9.4 LabVIEW 405 --

Part 3 Electronics 421 --

10 Diodes 422 --

10.1 Basic Diode Concepts 423 --

10.2 Load-Line Analysis of Diode Circuits 427 --

10.3 Zener-Diode Voltage-Regulator Circuits 429 --

10.4 Ideal-Diode Model 434 --

10.5 Piecewise-Linear Diode Models 436 --

10.6 Rectifier Circuits 440 --

10.7 Wave-Shaping Circuits 444 --

10.8 Linear Small-Signal Equivalent Circuits 450 --

11 Amplifiers: Specifications and External Characteristics 465 --

11.1 Basic Amplifier Concepts 466 --

11.2 Cascaded Amplifiers 472 --

11.3 Power Supplies and Efficiency 475 --

11.4 Additional Amplifier Models 478 --

11.5 Importance of Amplifier Impedances in Various Applications 482 --

11.6 Ideal Amplifiers 484 --

11.7 Frequency Response 486 --

11.8 Linear Waveform Distortion 491 --

11.9 Pulse Response 495 --

11.10 Transfer Characteristics and Nonlinear Distortion 499 --

11.11 Differential Amplifiers 502 --

11.12 Offset Voltage, Bias Current, and Offset Current 506 --

12 Field-Effect Transistors 521 --

12.1 NMOS and PMOS Transistors 522 --

12.27 Load-Line Analysis of a Simple NMOS Amplifier 530 --

12.3 Bias Circuits 533 --

12.4 Small-Signal Equivalent Circuits 536 --

12.5 Common-Source Amplifiers 541 --

12.6 Source Followers 545 --

12.7 CMOS Logic Gates 550 --

13 Bipolar Junction Transistors 559 --

13.1 Current and Voltage Relationships 560 --

13.2 Common-Emitter Characteristics 563 --

13.3 Load-Line Analysis of a Common-Emitter Amplifier 565 --

13.4 pnp Bipolar Junction Transistors 572 --

13.5 Large-Signal DC Circuit Models 574 --

13.6 Large-Signal DC Analysis of BJT Circuits 577 --

13.7 Small-Signal Equivalent Circuits 584 --

13.8 Common-Emitter Amplifiers 588 --

13.9 Emitter Followers 593 --

14 Operational Amplifiers 607 --

14.1 Ideal Operational Amplifiers 608 --

14.2 Summing-Point Constraint 610 --

14.3 Inverting Amplifiers 610 --

14.4 Noninverting Amplifiers 617 --

14.5 Design of Simple Amplifiers 620 --

14.6 Op-Amp Imperfections in the Linear Range of Operation 626 --

14.7 Nonlinear Limitations 630 --

14.8 DC Imperfections 635 --

14.9 Differential and Instrumentation Amplifiers 640 --

14.10 Integrators and Differentiators 642 --

14.11 Active Filters 645 --

Part 4 Electromechanics 661 --

15 Magnetic Circuits and Transformers 662 --

15.1 Magnetic Fields 663 --

15.2 Magnetic Circuits 673 --

15.3 Inductance and Mutual Inductance 679 --

15.4 Magnetic Materials 683 --

15.5 Ideal Transformers 686 --

15.6 Real Transformers 695 --

16 DC Machines 708 --

16.1 Overview of Motors 709 --

16.2 Principles of DC Machines 718 --

16.3 Rotating DC Machines 724 --

16.4 Shunt-Connected and Separately Excited DC Motors 731 --

16.5 Series-Connected DC Motors 736 --

16.6 Speed Control of DC Motors 740 --

17 AC Machines 753 --

17.1 Three-Phase Induction Motors 754 --

17.2 Equivalent-Circuit and Performance Calculations for Induction Motors 762 --

17.3 Synchronous Machines 772 --

17.4 Single-Phase Motors 785 --

17.5 Stepper Motors 789 --

A Complex Numbers 797 --

B Nominal Values and the Color Code for Resistors 806 --

C Preparing for the Fundamentals of Engineering Exam 808 --

D Computer-Aided Circuit Analysis 814 --

D.1 Analysis of DC Circuits 814 --

D.2 Transient Analysis 823 --

D.3 Frequency Response 827 --

E Software Installation 833.