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Dynamic earth : an introduction to physical geology.
(Book - Regular Print)
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Published
Hoboken, NJ : J. Wiley & Sons, [2004].
Edition
Fifth edition /
Physical Desc
var. paging : illustrations ; 28 cm
Status
Available from another library
More Details
Published
Hoboken, NJ : J. Wiley & Sons, [2004].
Format
Book - Regular Print
Edition
Fifth edition /
Language
English
Notes
Bibliography
Includes bibliographical references (page R1-R4) and index.
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Copies
| Location | Call Number | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Prescott College - CIRCCOLL - Circulating Collection | QE28.2 .S55 2004 | Find It Now |
Table of Contents
1 Meet Planet Earth 2 --
About Geology and Geologists 5 --
Scientific Method 8 --
How Rapid Are Geologic Processes? 8 --
Earth's Neighborhood: The Solar System 12 --
Earth's Internal Structure: Energy, Heat, Gravity, and Buoyancy 16 --
System Concept 19 --
Interactions among Earth's Open Systems 21 --
Changes Caused By Human Activities 27 --
GeoDiscoveries: The Earth System 29 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 1.1 Epitaph for the Aral Sea 7 --
Science of Geology Box 1.2 Cycling of Biogeochemical Elements Important for Life 24 --
2 Global Tectonics: Our Dynamic Planet 30 --
Opening Essay: Earth is a Noisy Planet, If You Keep Your Ear to the Ground 31 --
What Earth's Surface Features Tell Us 34 --
What Earth's Internal Phenomena Tell Us 37 --
Plates and Mantle Convection 41 --
Four Types of Plate Margins and How They Move 42 --
Type I Divergent Margin 46 --
Type II Convergent Margin/Subduction Zone 48 --
Type III Convergent Margin/Collision Zone 51 --
Type IV Transform Fault Margin 52 --
Topography of the Ocean Floor 53 --
Hot Spots and Absolute Motion 54 --
What Causes Plate Tectonics? 59 --
GeoDiscoveries: Plate Tectonics 63 --
Science of Geology Box 2.1 Rock Deformation: Strain and Stress 32 --
Science of Geology Box 2.2 Thermal Convection 39 --
3 Atoms, Elements, Minerals, Rocks: Earth's Building Materials 66 --
Opening Essay: Mineral Exploration: The Story of Sudbury 67 --
Composition of Minerals 69 --
Crystal Structure of Minerals 74 --
Properties of Minerals 77 --
Common Minerals 83 --
Silicates: The Largest Mineral Group 84 --
Carbonate, Phosphate, and Sulfate Mineral Groups 89 --
Ore Mineral Groups
Our Source for Metals
90 --
Minerals Give Clues to Their Environment of Formation 92 --
Rocks: Mixtures of Minerals 92 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 93 --
GeoDiscoveries: Atoms, Elements, Minerals, and Rocks 97 --
Science of Geology Box 3.1 The Three States of Matter 76 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 3.2 Longterm Danger of Abandoned Mines 82 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 3.3 Absestos: How Risky Is It? 91 --
4 Igneous Rocks: Products of Earth's Internal Fire 98 --
Opening Essay: Watching Magma Solidify 99 --
Texture in Igneous Rocks 101 --
Mineral Assemblage in Igneous Rocks 102 --
Pyroclasts, Tephra, and Tuffs 104 --
Plutons 106 --
Whence Magma? 110 --
Solidification of Magma 114 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 117 --
GeoDiscoveries: Volcanoes and Igneous Rocks 119 --
Science of Geology Box 4.1. How Rock Melts 112 --
5 Magmas and Volcanoes 120 --
Opening Essay: Witnessing an Eruption at Close Hand 121 --
Introduction: Earth's Internal Thermal Engine 122 --
Magma: Molten Rock of Different Types 122 --
How Bouyant Magma Erupts on the Surface 125 --
Eruption Style
Nonexplosive or Explosive?
125 --
Volcanoes 129 --
Posteruption Effects 137 --
Volcanic Hazards 138 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 140 --
GeoDiscoveries: Geohazards and Volcanoes and Igneous Rocks 143 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 5.1 Life Returns to Mount St. Helens 130 --
Science of Geology Box 5.2 Harnessing the Heat Within 138 --
6 Weathering and Soils 146 --
Opening Essay: Chinese Soils and Monsoon Climates 147 --
Introduction: Weathering
The Breakdown of Rock
148 --
Physical Weathering 149 --
Chemical Weathering 152 --
Factors That Influence Weathering 157 --
Soil: Origin and Classification 160 --
Soil Erosion 166 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 168 --
GeoDiscoveries: Sedimentary Rock 171 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 6.1 Decaying Buildings and Monuments 154 --
Science of Geology Box 6.2 Using Weathering Rinds to Measure Relative Age 161 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 6.3 The Soil Erosion Crisis 167 --
7 Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks: Archives of Earth History 172 --
Opening Essay: Interpreting Sedimentary Rocks Before Plate Tectonics 173 --
Introduction: Sediments in the Rock Cycle 174 --
Sedimentation, Stratification, and Bedding 174 --
Sediment Types and Characteristics 175 --
Sedimentary Environments and Facies Changes 182 --
Diagenesis: How Sediment Becomes Rock 190 --
Sedimentary Rocks: Clastic, Chemical, and Biogenic 191 --
Environmental Clues in Sedimentary Rocks 195 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 198 --
GeoDiscoveries: Sedimentary Rocks and Petroscope for Sedimentary Rocks 201 --
Science of Geology Box 7.1 Graphic Display of Geologic Data 176 --
8 Metamorphism and Metomorphic Rocks: New Rocks from Old 202 --
Opening Essay: Estimating a Temperature and a Pressure 203 --
Introduction: All Things Metamorphose 204 --
What Is Metamorphism? 204 --
Major Factors in Metamorphism 205 --
Upper and Lower Limits of Metamorphism 209 --
How Rocks Respond to Temperature and Pressure Change in Metamorphism 210 --
Types of Metamorphic Rock 211 --
Types of Metamorphism 214 --
Metamorphic Facies 218 --
Metasomatism 219 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 220 --
GeoDiscoveries: Metamorphic Rocks 223 --
Science of Geology Box 8.1 Pressure-Temperature-Time Paths: The Tectonic History of Metamorphic Rock 206 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 8.2 Concrete: The Artificial Metamorphic Rock that Changed Our Environment 215 --
9 How Rock Bends, Buckles, and Breaks 224 --
Opening Essay: The Ore Body that Sank 225 --
How Is Rock Deformed? 226 --
Deformation in Progress 231 --
Evidence of Former Deformation 232 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 244 --
GeoDiscoveries: Plate Tectonics and Metamorphic Rocks 245 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 9.1 Rock Deformation and Oil Pools 241 --
10 Earthquakes and Earth's Interior 246 --
Opening Essay: A Temblor Strikes Home 247 --
How Earthquakes Are Studied 248 --
Earthquake Hazard 255 --
World Distribution of Earthquakes 259 --
First-Motion Studies of the Earthquake Source 260 --
Earthquake Forecasting and Prediction 261 --
Using Seismic Waves as Earth Probes 266 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 270 --
GeoDiscoveries: Geohazards 273 --
Science of Geology Box 10.1 Calculating a Richter Magnitude 251 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 10.2 A Great Earthquake in the Pacific Northwest? 262 --
11 Geologic Time and the Rock Record 276 --
Opening Essay: Determining How Rapidly Carbonate Sediments Accumulate 277 --
Reading the Record of Layered Rocks 278 --
Stratigraphic Classification 282 --
Bridging the Gaps: Correlation of Rock Units 283 --
Geologic Column and the Geologic Time Scale 285 --
Measuring Geologic Time Numerically 288 --
Magnetic Polarity Time Scale 297 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 300 --
GeoDiscoveries: The Rock Record and Geologic Time 301 --
Science of Geology Box 11.1 Potassium-Argon ([superscript 40]K/[superscript 40]AR) Dating 292 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 11.2 K/Ar Dating of Hawaiian Glaciations and African Hominids 295 --
12 Changing Face of the Land 302 --
Opening Essay: Why Is Italy Uplifting? 303 --
Introduction: Whence Earth's Varied Landscapes? 304 --
Uplift and Denudation: Competing Geologic Forces 305 --
Hypothetical Models For Landscape Evolution 311 --
How Can We Calculate Rates of Uplift and Denudation? 313 --
Ancient Landscapes of Low Relief 317 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System
Uplift, Weathering, and the Carbon Cycle
318 --
GeoDiscoveries: Plate Tectonics and Geohazards 323 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 12.1 Human Activity as an Agent of Denudation 306 --
Science of Geology Box 12.2 Estimating Exhumation Rates with Radioactive Decay 316 --
13 Mass Wasting 324 --
Opening Essay: The Night the Mountain Fell 325 --
Introduction: What Is Mass Wasting? 326 --
Downslope Movement of Rock Debris 326 --
Mass-Wasting Processes 329 --
Mass Wasting in Cold Climates 340 --
Mass Wasting Under Water 340 --
What Triggers Mass-Wasting Events? 343 --
Hazards to Life and Property 345 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 347 --
GeoDiscoveries: Geohazards 351 --
Science of Geology Box 13.1 Downslope Movement and the Safety Factor 327 --
Science of Geology Box 13.2 The Beverage-Can Experiment 328 --
14 Streams and Drainage Systems 352 --
Opening Essay: A Chinese Emperor's Buried Army 353 --
Introduction: Streams in the Landscape 354 --
Stream Channels 355 --
Dynamics of Streamflow 356 --
Channel Patterns 362 --
Erosion by Running Water 366 --
Stream's Load 366 --
Stream Deposits 370 --
Drainage Systems 375 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 377 --
GeoDiscoveries: The Water Cycle 381 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 14.1 Taming the Yangtze River 362 --
15 Groundwater 382 --
Opening Essay: Ice-Age Cave Dwellers in the Pyrenees 383 --
Introduction: The Importance of Water 384 --
Water in the Ground 384 --
How Groundwater Moves 386 --
Springs and Wells 389 --
Aquifers 390 --
Mining Groundwater, and its Consequences 394 --
Water Quality and Groundwater Contamination 396 --
Geologic Activity of Groundwater 400 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 407 --
GeoDiscoveries: The Water Cycle 409 --
Science of Geology Box 15.1 How Fast Does Groundwater Flow? 389 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 15.2 Toxic Groundwater in the San Joaquin Valley 398 --
16 Glaciers and Glaciation 410 --
Opening Essay: Modern Analogs of Ice-Age Glaciers 411 --
Introduction: Earth's Changing Cover of Snow and Ice Glaciers 412 --
Glaciation 423 --
Periglacial Landscapes and Permafrost 430 --
Glacial Ages 431 --
What Causes Glacial Ages? 435 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 440 --
GeoDiscoveries: Glaciers, Glaciation, and Ice Sheets 443 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 16.1 Living with Permafrost 432 --
Science of Geology Box 16.2 Understanding Milankovitch 438 --
17 Almosphere, Winds, and Deserts 446 --
Opening Essay: Living on the Edge of the Desert 447 --
Introduction: Wind as a Geologic Agent 448 --
Planetary Wind System 448 --
Movement of Sediment By Wind 450 --
Wind Erosion 454 --
Eolian Deposits 457 --
Dust in Ocean Sediments and Glacier Ice 461 --
Deserts 462 --
Surface Processes and Landforms in Deserts 464 --
Desertification 468 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 469 --
GeoDiscoveries: Geohazards 473 --
Science of Geology Box 17.1 Measuring Earth's Hum 451 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 17.2 Tectonic Desertification 470 --
18 Oceans and Their Margins 474 --
Opening Essay: Changing Sea Level and Atoll Evolution 475 --
Introduction: The World Ocean 476 --
Ocean's Characteristics 476 --
Depth and Volume of the Oceans 476 --
Ocean Circulation 480 --
Ocean Tides 484 --
Ocean Waves 486 --
Coastal Erosion and Sediment Transport 489 --
Coastal Deposits and Landforms 490 --
How Coasts Evolve 497 --
Coastal Hazards 501 --
Protection against Shoreline Erosion 502 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 505 --
GeoDiscoveries: Geohazards 507 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 18.1 How to Modify an Estuary 500 --
19 Climate and Our Changing Planet 508 --
Opening Essay: The Sensitivity of Earth's Climate to Small Changes 509 --
Introduction: The Changing Atmosphere 510 --
Global Warming 517 --
Past as a Key to the Future 521 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 525 --
GeoDiscoveries: Glaciers, Glaciation, and Ice Sheets 529 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 19.1 The Ozone Hole 515 --
Science of Geology Box 19.2 The Younger Dryas Event and the End of the Last Ice Age 526 --
20 Earth Through Geologic Time 530 --
Opening Essay: Watching a Continent Grow in Kamchatka 531 --
Introduction: Tracking Past Plate Motions 532 --
Supercontinents and Vanished Oceans 541 --
Regional Structures of Continents 544 --
Continental Margins 544 --
Mountain Building 551 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 557 --
GeoDiscoveries: The Rock Record and Geologic Time 559 --
Science of Geology Box 20.1 Watching a Continent Splinter 547 --
21 Resources of Minerals and Energy 560 --
Opening Essay: The Golden Puzzle of the Witwatersrand 561 --
Introduction: Natural Resources and Human History 562 --
Mineral Resources 562 --
Origin of Mineral Deposits 564 --
Useful Mineral Substances 572 --
Energy Resources 573 --
Fossil Fuels 573 --
Other Sources of Energy 578 --
Revisiting Plate Tectonics and the Earth System 582 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 21.1 Hydrothermal Mineral Deposits Forming Today 568 --
Understanding Our Environment Box 21.2 The Waste Disposal Problem: Geology and Politics 580 --
Appendix B Tables of the Chemical Elements and Naturally Occurring Isotopes 4 --
Appendix C Table of the Properties of Common Minerals 7.
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Citations
APA Citation, 7th Edition (style guide)
Skinner, B. J., Porter, S. C., & Park, J. (2004). Dynamic earth: an introduction to physical geology (Fifth edition /). J. Wiley & Sons.
Chicago / Turabian - Author Date Citation, 17th Edition (style guide)Skinner, Brian J., 1928-2019, Stephen C. Porter and Jeffrey Park. 2004. Dynamic Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geology. J. Wiley & Sons.
Chicago / Turabian - Humanities (Notes and Bibliography) Citation, 17th Edition (style guide)Skinner, Brian J., 1928-2019, Stephen C. Porter and Jeffrey Park. Dynamic Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geology J. Wiley & Sons, 2004.
MLA Citation, 9th Edition (style guide)Skinner, Brian J., Stephen C Porter, and Jeffrey Park. Dynamic Earth: An Introduction to Physical Geology Fifth edition /, J. Wiley & Sons, 2004.
Note! Citations contain only title, author, edition, publisher, and year published. Citations should be used as a guideline and should be double checked for accuracy. Citation formats are based on standards as of August 2021.
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